1. Cells and Transport Mechanisms - Structure and function of animal and plant cells, specialized cells, diffusion, osmosis, and active transport. 2. Photosynthesis and Plant Nutrition - Photosynthesis process, factors affecting photosynthesis, mineral ion requirements, and energy flow in ecosystems. 3. Enzymes and Digestion - Enzyme function, factors affecting enzyme activity, digestion process, role of enzymes in industry and food production. 4. Homeostasis and Hormonal Control - Regulation of blood glucose, temperature control, diabetes, hormone function in reproduction, and fertility treatments. 5. Defending Against Infection and Immunity - Role of white blood cells, vaccination, antibiotics, bacterial resistance, and passive vs. active immunity. 6. Genetics, Evolution, and Classification - Genetic engineering, selective breeding, natural selection, classification of organisms, and adaptations for survival.